Top 401(k) Financial Wellness Story of 2019

401k, top story, financial wellness, student debt

Student debt must be dealt with.

Little surprise—the most-viewed financial wellness article of the year involved (what else?) student debt.

“With the amount of student loan debt currently topping $1.56 trillion, that’s $521 billion more than the total U.S. credit card debt,  [and] it’s no wonder that financially stressed employees aren’t contributing to their retirement plans,” wrote Dr. Martha Brown Menard, until recently Senior Researcher and data diva with financial wellness fintech firm Questis, now with Embr Labs. “But that stressed-out employee may not be who you think it is. When we imagine the face of someone burdened by student loans, we usually think of a millennial, or maybe a Gen X worker.”

Add some gray hair to that picture, she adds, in 2018, borrowers age 60 and older were the fastest-growing segment of student loan borrowers.

The majority of these loans were used to pay for children’s or grandchildren’s education, and show how seniors are more often shouldering the burden of rising college tuition for family members, either through taking loans directly or more often, co-signing for them.

Between 2012 and 2017, older borrowers increased by 46 percent, and their delinquency rate increased by 80 percent.

People over 60 currently hold over $67 billion in student loan debt, with an average loan balance of $23,500—numbers that have doubled over the last decade.

“Older borrowers are taking on substantial amounts of debt into retirement, and the true impact is nearly everywhere in terms of growth of debt, delinquencies and sheer number of borrowers,” Seth Frotman, executive director of the Student Borrower Protection Center, said. “It raises real questions and concerns about the impact on their retirement security.’’

Consequences

The consequences for retirement security can be dire, especially for older borrowers who often are navigating repayment while living on a fixed income. Student-related loan debt usually cannot be erased under bankruptcy protection.

Social Security payments can be garnished to cover federally backed student loan payments, and can force seniors into poverty.

While older borrowers transitioning into retirement may become eligible for income-based repayment options after their income is reduced, loan servicers may not always get the memo.

More than 300 complaints against companies were lodged with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau from older borrowers in 2018. Complaints ranged from being unable to have their income-based loan repayment adjusted after entering retirement to being denied access to cosigned loan records.

The improper denial of cosigner release requests can restrict access to other forms of credit and prolong indebtedness, extending an unexpected burden of student debt into retirement.

For many borrowers, the government’s public service loan forgiveness program hasn’t been much help either. Despite an additional $350 million-dollar fund authorized by Congress in 2018, a staggering 99% of applications have been denied. Notorious for its Byzantine application process and requirements to be met, the program was allocated the additional money to give borrowers who had been previously denied a second chance.

As of September 2018, out of 34,000 applications received, only 26 borrowers had been approved.

Think twice

Older consumers should think twice before co-signing a family member’s student loan.

According to Frotman, previously the student loan ombudsman for the CFPB, “Quite often we hear from older borrowers that it was never made clear to them that they were essentially co-borrowers. Many thought they were merely acting as references. We’ve seen tens of thousands of borrowers pushed into poverty or further into poverty because of student loan debt.”

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